Hyperglycaemia and pharmacokinetics of rifampicin/isoniazid among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Kampala, Uganda
Abstract OBJECTIVE: 1) To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in patients with TB and HIV co-infection, and 2) to investigate the effect of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on...
Low anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in HIV-Tuberculosis co-infected adults with low body weight; is it time to update dosing guidelines?
Abstract Background: Anti-tuberculosis drugs display large pharmacokinetic variability, which may be influenced by several factors including body size, genetic differences, and drug-drug interactions. We set out to determine these factors, quantify their effect, and...
The Influence of Pharmacogenetic Variants in HIV/Tuberculosis Coinfected Patients in Uganda in the SOUTH Study.
Abstract Unsatisfactory treatment outcomes have been reported in patients coinfected with HIV/tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to assess the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding for proteins involved in...
Virological Outcome of Patients With HIV Drug Resistance Attending an Urban Outpatient Clinic in Uganda: A Need for Structured Adherence Counseling and Third-Line Treatment Options.
Abstract BACKGROUND: HIV drug resistance and suboptimal adherence are the main reasons for treatment failure among HIV-infected individuals. As genotypic resistance testing is not routinely available in resource-limited settings such as Uganda, data on transmitted...
Importance of routine viral load monitoring: higher levels of resistance at ART failure in Uganda and Lesotho compared with Switzerland.
Abstract Objectives: Emerging resistance to antiretroviral drugs may jeopardize the achievements of improved access to ART. We compared the prevalence of different resistance mutations in HIV-infected adults with virological failure in a cohort with regular...
Comparison of Löwenstein-Jensen and BACTEC MGIT 960 culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in people living with HIV.
Abstract OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to clarify how HIV infection affects tuberculosis liquid and solid culture results in a resource-limited setting. METHODS: We used baseline data from the Study on Outcomes Related to...
Ten years of antiretroviral therapy: Incidences, patterns and risk factors of opportunistic infections in an urban Ugandan cohort.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite increased antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage and the raised CD4 threshold for starting ART, opportunistic infections (OIs) are still one of the leading causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa. There are few studies...
High efavirenz serum concentrations in TB/HIV-coinfected Ugandan adults with a CYP2B6 516 TT genotype on anti-TB treatment.
Abstract Objectives: To report the efavirenz serum concentrations in TB/HIV-coinfected Ugandan adults on concomitant anti-TB treatment and analyse factors associated with elevated concentrations in this specific population. Methods: Serum efavirenz concentrations in TB/HIV-coinfected Ugandan adults on...
HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Ugandan Adults Attending an Urban Out-Patient Clinic.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Little is known about prevalence of drug resistance among HIV-infected Ugandans, a setting with over 15 years of public sector access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and where virological monitoring was only recently introduced....
Delayed Sputum Culture Conversion in Tuberculosis-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coinfected Patients With Low Isoniazid and Rifampicin Concentrations.
Abstract Background: The relationship between concentrations of antituberculosis drugs, sputum culture conversion, and treatment outcome remains unclear. We sought to determine the association between antituberculosis drug concentrations and sputum conversion among patients coinfected with tuberculosis...